Microwave power transmission

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Topic: Microwave power transmission

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Â Power transmission - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mechanical power may be transmitted directly using a solid structure such as a driveshaft; transmission gears can adjust the amount of torque or force vs. speed in much the same way an electrical transformer adjusts voltage vs current.
With widespread establishment of power grids, power transmission has come to be associated most often with electric power transmission.
Power may also be transmitted by changing electromagnetic fields or by radio waves; microwave energy may be carried efficiently over short distances by a waveguide.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_transmission (495 words)

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Â Microwave power transmission

Microwave power transmission (MPT) is the practice of using microwaves to transmit power through outer space or the atmosphere without the need for wires.
Following the oil crises of the 1970s, NASA researched power transmission via microwaves and developed the idea of the solar power satellite (SPS).
Microwave power would need to be transmitted with high efficiency, high levels of safety would have to be maintained, and scientific analysis of the impact of microwaves on the space plasma environment as well as the Earth's atmosphere would have to be undertaken.

http://www.fact-index.com/m/mi/microwave_power_transmission.html (332 words)

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Â Project Tesla: Wireless Transmission of Power

Much of this power is wasted during transmission from power plant generators to the consumer.
Knowing that a resonant cavity can be excited and that power can be delivered to that cavity similar to the methods used in microwave ovens for home use, it should be possible to resonate and deliver power via the Schumann Cavity to any point on Earth.
In this paper, the terms pertinent to wireless transmission of power will be explained and the methods being used by present researchers in a recreation of the Tesla's 1899 Colorado Springs experiments will be defined.

http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Shadowlands/9654/tesla/projecttesla.html (3750 words)

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Â Define microwave - a definition from Whatis.com

The microwave band is well suited for wireless transmission of signals having large bandwidth.
Some attenuation occurs when microwave energy passes through trees and frame houses.
These antennas produce high power gain in transmitting applications, and have excellent sensitivity and directional characteristics for reception of signals.

http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213554,00.html (264 words)

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Â Solar power satellite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A solar power satellite, or SPS, is a proposed satellite built in high Earth orbit that uses microwave power transmission to beam solar power to a very large antenna on Earth where it can be used in place of conventional power sources.
Beamed microwave power allows one to send the power near to where it is needed, while a solar generating station in the Sahara would provide power most economically to the surrounding area, where current demand is relatively low.
Things changed in 1974 when Peter Glaser was granted patent number 3,781,647 for his method of transmitting the power to Earth using microwaves from a small antenna on the satellite to a much larger one on the ground, known as a rectenna.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite (2891 words)

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Â » Truly Mobile Devices Need Cordless Power

While the focus of wireless power transmission has been so far in the megawatts (MW), such as in solar energy harvesting or milliwatts (mW)as in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), the time should be ripe for porting this technology into many different portable wireless applications.
The technology for implementation is mostly there, but it needs be ported from the large scale of megawattsâ€“â€“as in solar power transmission or at the other extreme the milliwatts of RFID applicationsâ€“â€“into the realm of portable computing, consumer and communications devices.
The beaming of RF power by means of a directive antenna is a relatively lossless process, yielding efficiencies of around 85%, rivaling that of any good switching regulator.

http://www.cellnn.com/2005/09/28/truly-mobile-devices-need-cordless-power (761 words)

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Â Yorkshire CND - Military Interest in Space-based Solar Power - 1/10/99

These systems will likely use microwaves or millimeter waves for power transmission.
If this form of power generation becomes financially viable, one could question the ramifications regarding centralised control of energy generation (eg further US corporate influence/control over foreign states), health and environmental impact of powerful microwave beams; potential of misuse of the microwave beam by redirecting transmitter; potential of accidents, eg aircraft flying through the beam.
Given good technological and commercial justification for developing Space-based solar power plants, and a low risk and environmental impact assessment, (unlikely given the hazards of microwave radiation) it might be that with time, hundreds could be developed and owned by a broad range of commercial and public consortia.

http://www.gn.apc.org/cndyorks/yspace/articles/solar.htm (761 words)

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Â Articles - Solar power satellite

A solar power satellite, or SPS, is a proposed satellite built in high Earth orbit that uses microwave power transmission to beam solar power to a very large antenna on Earth where it can be used in place of conventional power sources.
Beamed microwave power allows one to send the power to where it is needed, while a solar generating station in the Sahara would primarily provide power to the surrounding area where there is no current significant demand.
Things changed in 1974 when Peter Glaser was granted patent number 3,781,647 for his method of transmitting the power to Earth using microwaves from a small antenna on the satellite to a much larger one on the ground, known as a rectenna.

http://www.zgrey.com/articles/Solar_power_satellite (2334 words)

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Â Electrostatic-Accelerator Free Electron Masers

The concept and schemes of microwave power transmission through the atmosphere were proposed and developed by Brown.
Realization of this concept for microwave power beaming with practical antennas to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flying at an altitude of 20 km (this sltitude is most fitting for commercial applications, such as communication) becomes possible by use of millimeter waves for power beaming.
After many years of development, gyrotrons are approaching the upper limit of their power and frequency capabilities; significant duther improvement in their performances may be difficult.

http://www.eng.tau.ac.il/research/FEL/0b0.html (616 words)

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Â Testimony of John Mankins

However, using current concepts for a geostationary Earth-orbit-based relay, a microwave wireless power transmission system is expected to be either too large on the ground (or in space) to be viable.
Substantial demonstrations of power beaming from ground-to-space might also be achievable during the next decade (for example, to transmit power to an electric orbital transfer vehicle operating in Earth orbit).
The interface of a beamed power receiver into a local power grid is an important overall aspect of an operational SPS system in the far term.

http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/legaff/mankins9-7.html (4328 words)

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Â Transmitter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For microwave transmitters, special semiconductor components or vacuum tubes (such as the klystron, cavity magnetron or TWT) are needed, because signals of these frequencies and power levels cannot be processed with normal semiconductors.
A transmitter usually has a power supply, an oscillator, a modulator, and amplifiers for audio (AF), intermediate frequency (IF) and radio frequency (RF).
The output stage must be monitored for standing waves, which indicate that generated power is not being radiated but instead is being reflected back into the transmitter.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitter (1680 words)

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Â WLAN Link Planner

It's the minimum power difference to achieve between the wanted received signal and the noise (thermal noise, industrial noise due for example to microwave ovens, interering noise due to other WLAN on the same frequency band).
The link power budget is the computation of the whole transmission chain.
Receiver sensitivity is not the only parameter for the receiver, we have also to take into account the signal to noise power ratio.

http://huizen.deds.nl/~pa0hoo/helix_wifi/linkbudgetcalc/wlan_budgetcalc.html (2344 words)

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Â Space Solar Power: Program Activities B.2

Wireless Power Transmission can enable a wide range of new space missions andmarkets; options include operating at laser or microwave wavelengths for beaming energy to spacecraft, rovers, airships, outposts, etc, in space, in the stratosphere, To/from various orbits, to Earth, the Moon, Mars, L1, L2, ISS, etc.
Space-to-ground power beaming for government Moon, Mars or asteroid surface exploration/operations
Space-to-ground pwoer beaming for commercial solar power satellites

http://spacesolarpower.nasa.gov/programactivities_b.2.html (210 words)

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Â Amateur radio - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch

Amateur Radio should not be confused with CB radio, General Mobile Radio Service or Family Radio Service, which are limited to voice operation only, lower power limits, fewer frequency allocations, and are unlicensed in most countries.
Amateurs use a variety of transmission modes, including Morse code, radio teletype, data, and voice.
Increasing a person's knowledge of electronics and radio theory as well as radio contesting are also popular aspects of this radio service.

http://encyclopedia.worldsearch.com/icom.htm (3298 words)

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Â CEI Course #91, RF Components and Systems for Wireless Data Transmission

All this means that engineers from many different branches of electronics are faced with the need to become familiar with basics of RF and microwave technology.
This course enables engineers to go the first steps in the wireless world, to understand the functionality of radio transmitters and receivers, to estimate the system requirements of a given application, and to design a wireless data transmission system using integrated circuit solutions.
Home automation systems, for instance, allow control of heating and air condition, blinds and windows, all the power outlets in the house, and even the home entertainment devices by one single wireless remote control.

http://www.cei.se/091.htm (701 words)

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Â Fall VTC2000 Conference Program Tuesday through Thursday

At UHF and above, shadowing effects caused by the movement of personnel become significant in short-range indoor radio channels.This paper examines pedestrian-induced fading characteristics at key frequencies within the microwave band; consideration is given to the effects of wave obstruction by the human body - reflection, diffraction and transmission.
Fading profiles are reported for a point-to-point link in a 150 m-sq open-plan environment.Irrespective of frequency, received power levels fluctuated by 33 dB and fading was flat with a bandwidth of less than 2 Hz.
Paper 2.3.2.2 A novel multiuser transmission scheme requiring no channel estimation and no equalization at the mobile stations for the downlink of TD-CDMA operations in the TDD mode

http://www.cybercom.net/~slipoff/vtc2000/toc.html (6682 words)

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Â 1998CCE41010

In 1994 and 1995, a ground-to-ground microwave power transmission (MPT) experiment was carried out by a group of Kyoto University, Kobe University and Kansai Electric Power Company.
Among the MPT technologies, which are one of the most important key issues for the realization of the Solar Power Satellite(SPS), "rectenna" (rectifying antenna) have been studies to achieve higher efficiency of conversion from microwave to DC.
We had developed a new rectenna panel which can effectively rectify a microwave power of 2.5 W at 2.45 GHz, prior to the ground-to ground MPT field experiment.

http://www.i.kyoto-u.ac.jp/publication/1998/htmls/CCE41/1998CCE41010/1998CCE41010.html (6682 words)

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Â SHARP

Later, studies concerned with assessing the feasibility of the Solar Power Satellite (SPS) and the High Altitude Powered Platform (HAPP) found that magnetron power sources and various types of rectennas, operating at 2.45 GHz, could meet the requirements of microwave power transmission.
To provide the necessary microwave power, a low-power ground station was designed and constructed at CRC under the direction of Joe Schlesak.
The DC power would be used to drive electric motors on the airplane for propulsion, to power the payload and control systems and to charge standby energy storage units.

http://friendsofcrc.ca/SHARP/sharp.html (6682 words)

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Â CommSpacTransSec38.html

These satellites were designed to provide high power levels (tens to hundreds of gigawatts) to terrestrial receivers by converting incident solar energy into microwave power for transmission to large rectenna sites on the Earth.
To maximize the payback on these relatively small power systems, the transmitting frequency was increased from 5.45 GHz to 15 GHz in order to minimize the size of the rectennas that receive the power on the ground.
Average power per site, Mw Power generation mass, Kg Total rectenna purchase, $M

http://www.hq.nasa.gov/webaccess/CommSpaceTrans/SpaceCommTransSec38/CommSpacTransSec38.html (6682 words)

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Â 1998CCE41015

For a field experiment on microwave power transmission which was jointly conducted by Radio Atmospheric Science Center of Kyoto University, Kobe University, and Kansai Electric Power Company in 1994-1995, we had developed and tested a new type of rectenna (rectifying antenna) based on a circular microstrip antenna.
Such spatial optimization is needed because the power density of the microwave beam used in the experiment has a spatial gradient with a peak at the center of the beam.
A square shape of array with an area of 3.2¡ß3.6 m was then constructed using the developed rectennas for experiment.

http://www.i.kyoto-u.ac.jp/publication/1998/htmls/CCE41/1998CCE41015/1998CCE41015.html (6682 words)

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Â High Power Converter of Microwaves into DC

However is also applicable to many other occasions where microwave power transmissions of high density of electric power is necessary, such as non contact wireless power transmission in factories and for power feeding to electric vehicles.
For many types of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems, diode-type rectenna (rectify antenna) [ 1,2 ] is the best (and the simplest) device for back-conversion of microwaves into D.C. Diode-type rectennas have played and play a fundamental role at the stage of principal demonstration of the possibilities of high efficient wireless power transmission by microwaves.
CWC is a new device of microwave power conversion into D.C. The motivation of developing the CWC was originally to invent an efficient power converter on a ground receiving site for the Solar Power Satellite (SPS).

http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/sep99/1/text.html (6682 words)

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Â High Power Converter of Microwaves into DC

For many types of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems, diode-type rectenna (rectify antenna) [ 1,2 ] is the best (and the simplest) device for back-conversion of microwaves into D.C. Diode-type rectennas have played and play a fundamental role at the stage of principal demonstration of the possibilities of high efficient wireless power transmission by microwaves.
However is also applicable to many other occasions where microwave power transmissions of high density of electric power is necessary, such as non contact wireless power transmission in factories and for power feeding to electric vehicles.
CWC is a new device of microwave power conversion into D.C. The motivation of developing the CWC was originally to invent an efficient power converter on a ground receiving site for the Solar Power Satellite (SPS).

http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/sep99/1/text.html (6682 words)

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Â Ground to Ground Microwave Energy Transmission Experiment

In order to collect fundamental data on microwave power transmission under varying weather conditions, the Kansai Electric Power Company Inc. began a collaborative field experiment with Kyoto University and Kobe University.
A preliminary test started in October, 1994 and is still being conducted to collect fundamental data on the characteristics of power transmission and reception by the system.
The rectenna array was built by Kyoto University and is composed of 2304 rectenna elements.

http://www.kurasc.kyoto-u.ac.jp/plasma-group/sps/yamasaki-e.html (6682 words)

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Â Design Project 2

The microwave energy will be collected at a rectenna, The power receiving rectenna will need a microwave receiving surface, an electric power collection system, and a electric storage/delivery network.
The basic Lunar Solar Power (LSP) system proposed consists of photovoltaic cells (to be created on the moon), a microwave transmitter, and rectifying antennas (rectennas).
These microwave beams will then be relayed to an orbiting satellite and subsequently to a matching receiving rectifying antenna (rectenna) on Earth.

http://www.ecsel.psu.edu/~mdj137/design2website/design_project_2.htm (6682 words)

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Â Demonstration of Wireless Power Transmission

William C. Brown, the leading authority on wireless power transmission technology, has loaned this demonstration unit to the Texas Space Grant Consortium to show how power can be transfered through free space by microwaves.
The output microwave power ranges from 50 W to 200 W at 2.45 GHz.
The microwave source consists of a microwave oven magnetron with electronics to control the output power.

http://www.tsgc.utexas.edu/tadp/1996/general/wpt.html (6682 words)

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Â Studio To-transmitter-link - Wireless Communications

Kits, power amplifiers, transmitters, antennas, and power supplies.
Keywords: alcatel, antennae, cept, collins, dmc, ds1, ds2, m/a-com, mbps, microwave radio corpds3, ntsc video, rockwell, stl, systems integration, wireless, digital microwave radio, digital microwave radio corp, mass microwave corp, massachusetts microwave corp, microwave associates, microwave radio, point to point, studio to transmitter link, telecom, waveguide
Designs and manufactures free space optics systems for transmission of up to 155 Mbps.

http://www.clubwireless.org/directory/studio-to-transmitter-link.html (6682 words)

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Â Microwave Transmission,Wireless, Video Transmission, Video Microwave, Microwave Data

Microwave Transmission,Wireless, Video Transmission, Video Microwave, Microwave Data
Free Space Optics-MRV Photonic Air Link-Photonic Air Link- Wireless Optical Transmission- Optical T-1, Optical E-1, Optical Multiplexer-Free Space Optic Data Transmission-Optical Data Transmission Without Power
The Racon Series of digital millimeter wave ("microwave") radios provides a simple, low cost, wireless video connection for remote surveillance and teleconferencing applications.

http://www.americantechsupply.com/microwavevideo.htm (6682 words)

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Â Microwave Transmission. The History of Microwave Power Transmission.

The History of Microwave Power Transmission, and all the influencial scientists responsible for progressing this brand of expertise.
People were waiting for the invention of a high-power microwave device to generate electromagnetic energy of reasonably short wavelength, since efficient focusing toward the power-receiving destination is strongly dependent on the use of technology of narrow-beam formation by small-size antennas and reflectors.
The reason for a lack of interest in radio power transmission in the first half of this century is clear.

http://www.microwavecooking.com/Microwave_Transmission.htm (6682 words)

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Â Demonstration of Wireless Power Transmission

William C. Brown, the leading authority on wireless power transmission technology, has loaned this demonstration unit to the Texas Space Grant Consortium to show how power can be transfered through free space by microwaves.
The slotted waveguide antenna is ideal for power transmission because of its high aperture efficiency (> 95%) and high power handling capability.
A rectifying antenna called a rectenna receives the transmitted power and converts the microwave power to direct current (DC) power.

http://www.tsgc.utexas.edu/tadp/1996/general/wpt.html (6682 words)

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Â osepchuk

Major contributions were made to ongoing work on microwave power transmission at universities in Alaska and Texas.
He conducted demonstrations of microwave power transmission at meetings, at social occasions at my home and in the Museum of Science for Australian TV.
Bill recognized the potential role microwaves could play in the "solar power satellite", an idea invented by Dr. Peter Glaser to help solve the energy crisis.

http://www.mtt.org/awards/eulogy.htm (6682 words)

Topic: Microwave power transmission

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