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| | Geothermal power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Geothermal power is electricity generated by utilizing naturally occurring geological heat sources. | | | Currently there are few geothermal resource areas capable of generating electricity at a cost competitive with other energy sources, particularly natural gas. | | | Geothermal power is generally harnessed in one of three ways. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy
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| | Geothermal Education Office - Power From the Earth's Heat |
| | Geothermal district heating systems pump geothermal water through a heat exchanger, where it transfers its heat to clean city water that is piped to buildings in the district. | | | Anytime geothermal water or heat are used directly, less electricity is used. | | | In a binary system the geothermal water is passed through a heat exchanger, where its heat is transferred into a second (binary) liquid, such as isopentane, that boils at a lower temperature than water. |
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http://geothermal.marin.org/pwrheat.html
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| | Geothermal Energy |
| | Geothermal energy was first used to produce electricity in Italy in 1903. | | | Geothermal energy has a major environmental benefit because it offsets air pollution that would have been produced if fossil fuels were the energy source. | | | Volcanic energy cannot be harnessed (controlled and collected), but in a few places heat from the earth, called geothermal energy, can be collected. |
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http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/geothermal.html
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| | geothermal energy |
| | Geothermal energy can be used directly for heating or to produce electric power. | | | Energy produced by the internal heat of the earth. | | | This energy can be taken from different depths: ground coupled heat pumps use the heat near the surface up to a few hundred meters deep. |
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http://daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/G/AE_geothermal_energy.html
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| | Geothermal Heat Pumps : ENERGY STAR |
| | Geothermal heat pumps are similar to ordinary heat pumps, but use the ground instead of outside air to provide heating, air conditioning and, in most cases, hot water. | | | ENERGY STAR qualified geothermal heat pumps use about 40-60 percent less energy than a standard heat pump. | | | By choosing ENERGY STAR and taking steps to optimize the performance of your heating and cooling equipment, you are helping to prevent global warming and promoting cleaner air while enhancing the comfort of your home. |
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http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=geo_heat.pr_geo_heat_pumps
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| | RenewableEnergyAccess.com Geothermal Energy |
| | Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. | | | A geothermal heat pump system consists of a heat pump, an air delivery system (ductwork), and a heat exchanger-a system of pipes buried in the shallow ground near the building. | | | Geothermal heat pumps can tap into this resource to heat and cool buildings. |
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http://www.renewableenergyaccess.com/rea/tech/geothermal
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| | WEC Survey Of Energy Resources 2001 - Geothermal Energy |
| | Presently geothermal energy is exploited by producing the underground water stored in permeable rocks from which it has absorbed available heat (hydro-thermal systems) or, in certain types of geothermal heat pumps, extracting heat directly from the ground. | | | Geothermal electricity generation was 1 138 GWh in 1999, equivalent to 15.8% of total power output. | | | Geothermal energy is the natural heat of the earth. |
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http://www.worldenergy.org/wec-geis/publications/reports/ser/geo/geo.asp
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| | Geothermal Energy Brochure |
| | Geothermal energy - heat from the earth - is an important energy source having environmental and economic advantages over fossil and nuclear energy sources. | | | Geothermal heat pumps provide highly efficient heating, cooling, and hot water for homes and schools. | | | Geothermal energy is a vital part of a sustainable future. |
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http://www.egi.utah.edu/geothermal/brochure/brochure.htm
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| | Other Renewables > Geothermal Energy |
| | Geothermal energy is, literally, the heat of the earth. | | | The only types of geothermal energy to be commercially developed are those called "hydrothermal". | | | In some of these cooler climes, geothermal heat pumps might be a sensible application. |
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http://www.azsolarcenter.com/otherre/geothm1.html
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| | EERE: Geothermal Energy - Heat Pumps |
| | Geothermal heat pumps use the relatively constant temperature of soil or surface water as a heat source and sink for a heat pump, which provides heating and cooling for buildings. | | | Geothermal heat pumps produce heat more efficiently than furnaces, boilers, and air-source heat pumps. | | | In a new home, the additional payment on your mortgage for a geothermal heat pump is usually less than the savings on energy bills. |
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http://www.eere.energy.gov/RE/geo_heat_pumps.html
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| | RNP: Renewable Energy Technology: Geothermal |
| | Geothermal energy is heat from deep in the earth. | | | The hot water from a geothermal source is used to heat a secondary working fluid, such as ammonia or isobutane, in a closed-loop system. | | | Generally, flash technologies are used when the geothermal resource has temperatures of 350°F and higher, and binary technologies are used at temperatures below 350°F. In both technologies, the geothermal fluids are returned to the underground reservoirs and naturally reheated for reuse. |
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http://www.rnp.org/RenewTech/tech_geo.html
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| | NREL: Clean Energy Technology - Geothermal Energy |
| | Earth energy— the heat contained in shallow ground—is used to directly heat or cool homes and commercial buildings through "direct-use" technologies such as geothermal heat pumps (GHP) and district heating systems. | | | Overall, direct-use applications use geothermal energy to supply the energy equivalent of nearly 1 million barrels of oil. | | | Geothermal power plants meet the most stringent environmental regulations and release little, if any, carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas suspected of contributing to global warming. |
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http://www.nrel.gov/documents/geothermal_energy.html
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| | Energy Resources: Geothermal |
| | In Iceland, geothermal heat is used to heat houses as well as for generating electricity. | | | Geothermal Energy is energy from heat inside the Earth. | | | Geothermal energy is an important resource in volcanically active places such as Iceland and New Zealand. |
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http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/geothermal.htm
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| | Geothermal Energy |
| | Therefore, geothermal energy systems are more inefficient than other alternative energy sources because of the costs required in upkeep and the shortage of potential sites. | | | These geothermal hotspots can easily be used to generate electricity. | | | Geothermal energy is an alternative energy source, although it is not resourceful enough to replace more than a minor amount of the future's energy needs. |
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http://www.cc.utah.edu/~ptt25660/geo.html
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| | Renewable Energy Annual 1996 |
| | Geothermal energy can be extracted directly for district heating and heat pumps (Table 14). | | | The basics of geothermal energy resources, electricity generation technology, and the state of the geothermal industry were reported by the Energy Information Administration in 1991 [58]. | | | Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) always have heat exchangers. |
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http://eia.doe.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/renewable.energy.annual/chap04.html
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| | Geothermal Energy in Hawaii |
| | Geothermal energy can be used instead of fossil fuels to produce electricity. | | | Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV), a partnership comprised of OESI Power Corporation and Constellation Power Incorporated, was issued a permit to produce 30 megawatts of geothermal power in the Kapoho section of the Kilauea East Rift Zone (KERZ) in the Puna District of the Big Island. | | | Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium - www.geoexchange.org - geothermal heat pump applications. |
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http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/ert/geo_hi.html
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| | Geothermal Energy |
| | It is estimated that the state has a potential of more than 4,000 megawatts of additional power from geothermal energy, using current technologies. | | | Geothermal energy is produced by the heat of the earth and is often associated with volcanic and seismically active regions. | | | North of San Francisco, the Geysers was first tapped as a geothermal resource to generate electricity in 1960. |
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http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/renewable/basics/geothermal/geothermal.html
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| | Geothermal Energy - Conservation Policies - Sierra Club |
| | Geothermal reservoir management procedures that will allow a balance to be maintained, where possible, between field recharge and heat and fluid withdrawal. | | | Such developments would assist in avoiding some of the impacts and hazards of geothermal operations under present technology, would provide greater flexibility in project and facility siting, and would vastly extend the available Earth heat resources. | | | Additional problems arise from the heavily industrial character of geothermal operations for electrical generation; the frequent occurrence of exceptional natural, scenic, and archaeological values in geothermal resource areas; and the adverse effects that geothermal fluid removal may have on nearby hot springs and other natural thermal features. |
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http://www.sierraclub.org/policy/conservation/geothermal.asp
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| | GEOTHERMAL ENERGY LINKS TO OTHER ALTERNATIVE ENERGY AND GEOTHERMAL INFORMATION WEBSITES |
| | With over 8000 MW of installed capacity, geothermal electric power generation is a well-proven technology that has been especially successful in countries and islands that have a high reliance on imported fossil fuels. | | | Geothermal plants can be particularly suitable for smaller power grid systems that otherwise would have a high dependence on fossil fuels. | | | Indeed geothermal power plants can be designed to follow load demand if necessary such as may be required in mini-grid applications. |
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http://www.solarnavigator.net/geothermal_energy.htm
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| | CNN.com - Nature - DOE warms to geothermal energy - August 22, 2000 |
| | Even though geothermal energy has been used to generate electricity in the country since the early 1920s, it is a largely underdeveloped energy source in America. | | | Developing energy technologies for water at this temperature could have implications for geothermal sources cooler than that found at Roosevelt Hot Springs. | | | Energy Secretary Bill Richardson last week confirmed 21 partnerships between the DOE and private industry to promote the development and use of geothermal energy in the western United States. |
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http://archives.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/08/22/geothermal.energy.enn
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| | New Zealand Geothermal Association |
| | After an initial surge, then quiet period, geothermal energy is again at the forefront of commercial and sustainable energy developments. | | | Geothermal resources have soothed bodies, and warmed homes and hotels and supplied process heat for commercial and industrial applications. | | | Geothermal Systems NZ Geothermal Fields▶ Uses Of Geothermal Resources Geothermal Energy and Electricity Generation Generation Technologies Benefits of Geothermal Energy Development Potential |
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http://www.nzgeothermal.org.nz
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| | Geothermal Energy |
| | It's good to heat homes with-Geothermal heat pumps are a cheap source of heat. | | | The heat which the earth naturally produces is called Geothermal Energy. | | | It's Clean-Geothermal energy is by far, much cleaner than oil or coal. |
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http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~wilson68/geo.htm
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| | IGSHPA - Down to Earth Energy |
| | The International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA) is a non-profit, member driven organization established in 1987 to advance geothermal heat pump (GHP) technology on local,state, national and international levels. |
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http://www.igshpa.okstate.edu
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| | Geothermal Energy |
| | Southampton has led the way in the development of the first geothermal energy and combined heat and power (CHP) district heating and chilling scheme in the UK. | | | Following the dramatic rise in oil prices in the late 1970s, the Department of Energy set up a research programme looking into the potential for alternative energy sources in the UK, particularly wind, wave and geothermal energy. | | | From the scheme launched in 1986, serving an initial core of consumers from the geothermal well, has grown a thriving and expanding £4 million multi-source heating and chilling system. |
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http://www.southampton.gov.uk/environment/energy
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| | Searchalot Directory for Top/Science/Technology/Energy/Geothermal |
| | Geothermal resource data for the southeastern U.S. through the Regional Geophysics Laboratory; summary of geothermal resources, technology, and potential of geothermal heat pumps in the southeastern U.S. http://rglsun1.geol.vt.edu/ | | | Geothermal exploration and development project: website discusses borehole heat exchangers, hydrothermal systems, and Hot-Dry-Rock system. | | | Describes the U.S. DOE Geothermal Energy Program and provides information and news on geothermal energy. |
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http://www.searchalot.com/Top/Science/Technology/Energy/Geothermal
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| | Geothermal energy |
| | For 50 years the generation of electricity from geothermal energy was confined to Italy and interest in this technology was slow to spread elsewhere. | | | In 1943 the use of geothermal hot water was pioneered in Iceland. | | | The core of the earth is very hot and it is possible to make use of this geothermal energy (in Greek it means heat from the earth). |
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http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/renew/geo.htm
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| | NREL: Geothermal Technologies Program Home |
| | NREL's geothermal research, conducted in NREL's Center for Buildings and Thermal Systems, primarily supports DOE's Energy Systems component, specializing in advanced power plant systems, small-scale power plants, and direct-use performance. |
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http://www.nrel.gov/geothermal
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| | Geothermal Program |
| | It supports the development of new geothermal resources and technologies for low temperature uses and electricity generation while protecting the environment and promoting energy independence. | | | During the first decade, it promoted California geothermal energy development by extending financial and technical assistance to public entities to support direct uses, planning, and mitigation projects. | | | The California Energy Commission's Geothermal Program was created by Assembly Bill 1905 (Bosco) and has been in operation since 1981. |
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http://www.energy.ca.gov/geothermal
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| | Virginia Tech Geothermal Data WWW Home Page |
| | U.S. Department of Energy -- Office of Geothermal Technologies | | | The site is useful for those interested in terrestrial heat flow, practical applications of low-temperature geothermal energy, and also provides an excellent temperature versus depth data base for those wanting to do their own calculations to evaluate hypotheses of global warming using a geothermal approach to climate reconstruction. | | | The low- to moderate-temperature geothermal resources constitute an important renewable non-electric power energy resource that is just beginning to be utilized in the eastern United States to heat and cool buildings. |
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http://rglsun1.geol.vt.edu
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